Gravitational Potential Energy

Energy stored by height in a gravity field.

Inputs

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Formula

PE = m g h

Gravitational potential energy relative to a reference height is mass times gravitational acceleration times height. Default g is 9.80665 m/s².

Worked example

2 kg lifted 10 m stores PE ≈ 196 J — the work needed against gravity (ignoring air drag).

Where this can give the wrong answer

  • Height sign depends on your zero reference; negative h means below the datum.
  • Near Earth g varies slightly with latitude and altitude.
  • Large heights may need g(h) correction for precision orbit work.

FAQ

You choose the reference — floor level, sea level, or any baseline. Only differences in PE matter for many problems.